Formulae in practice, borehole planning and toolface. The drilling machine is assumed to be located at the cartesian coordinate. Directional drilling the promise and the peril alfred w. A major drawback of directional and horizontal well drilling is the numerous complex computations required to be done while planning a well. Vertical wells are usually defined as wells with an. Formulas and calculations for drilling, production and workover norton j. In fact, even in a vertical well, it might be necessary to deviate to avoid a geological formation or a previous stuck pipe, then return to the original path. Directional drilling formulas software free download. Horizontal directional drilling can be used to install pipes under an obstruction, such as a road plate 26 c, railway or river. Calculation methods for directional survey petrowiki. Directional drilling directional drilling is defined as an art and science involving deflection of a well bore in a specified direction in order to reach a predetermined object below the surface of the earth. Directional drilling is a broad term used to describe any boring that doesnt go in a straight line vertically down. Horizontal directional drilling horizontal directional drilling has been used on a large scale since the eighties. Directional drilling directory naics united states census bureau directional drilling directory naics united states census bureau the united states census bureau is a principal agency of.
Horizontal directional drilling and boring 02415 4 immediately. Build up a vertical section is drilled, then, starting at the kick off point, the angle of incidence to the vertical is. The hdd equipment arrives on site aboard multiple trucks. Devico has more than 25 year experience with directional core drilling dcd and borehole surveying. Trais bowling green state university college of technology. Babalola and others published windowsbased software for directional drilling calculations. Horizontal directional drilling and boring 02415 5 c. The following are some of the more important and commonly used terms. An example of the input data required for calculating estimated pulling loads is.
This book is still intended for the entirety of their careers. The minimum curvature method smooths two straightline segments of the balanced tangential method by using the ratio factor rf. Directional drilling terminology drilling services. Feb 21, 2020 consider the required equipment and material handling requirements such as drilling fluid, drilling fluid containment, hdd rig operation, and final product staging.
An early version of the single shot instrument was used to orient the whipstock. The well was drilled from an onshore location into offshore oil sands using whipstocks, knuckle joints and spudding bits. Pdf formulas and calculations for drilling production. Horizontal directional drilling consists of several installation steps. Pdf formulas and calculations for drilling production and. During the drilling operation, our automated drilling platform enables directional drillers to make quick, smarter decisions in realtime, helping you to stay on. A short glossary of the more frequently used terms for directional drilling is included here and is intended only as an aid in understanding directional drilling terminology and is neither a definitive work in the field nor by any means complete. Directional drilling calculations when done manually or. This is a weighted fluid which, as well as keeping the well under control, also lubricates and cools the bit whilst drilling and carries cuttings of rock back to surface. Formulas calculations for drilling, production workover gateaiotspe. Formulas and calculations for drilling, production, and. The trenchless technique horizontal directional drilling soil related risks and risk mitigation dr. Directional drilling formulas software mitcalc technical formulas v.
Borehole software for pc directional core drilling. Development of a standard specification for horizontal. New updated material includes conversion tables into metric. This data is transmitted back to the surface where calculations are made as to the location of the cutting head. The average of the two sets of angles is assumed to be the inclination and the direction for the course length. Locations the relative locations of the target and relief wells are calculated.
Hdd pilot hole operations are not unlike those involved in drilling a directional oil well. Advanced drilling systems 1,146 kb advanced oil well drilling engineering 18,741 kb. Free download ouija board directional drilling excel spreadsheet this is really useful. Formulas and calculations for drilling, production and.
Using these technologies, our clients reach their targets while reducing drilling costs. Hdd design basics horizontal directional drilling netwas. Consider material strengths, capabilities, and joining methods. Kruse deltares national institute, unit geoengineering email. Surface location of the drill head also can be used where there is reasonable access. The emphasis is on the theory behind these drilling elements in order to develop a greater understanding of the principles involved in drilling a well. Logs must be kept intact referencing all forces exerted on the pipeline during the project. Since the seventies deltares has been involved in the development and execution of trenchless technologies. Planning a directional well has many economic and safety benefits.
He has authored numerous technical papers on directional drilling and underbalanced drilling. Richard carden, alan hippman, larry wolfson this course builds a firm foundation in the principles and practices of directional drilling, calculations, and planning for directional and horizontal wells. In some cases, such as drilling steeply dipping formations or unpredictable deviation in conventional drilling operations, directional drilling techniques may be employed to ensure that. Years of research have resulted in one of the first design codes for horizontal directional drilling, as well as a computer program called mdrill. May 07, 2016 free download ouija board directional drilling excel spreadsheet this is really useful. Controlled directional drilling was initially used in california for unethical purposes, that is. A number of calculation models were found, but the bulk of these models is presented as models that are used to calculate already drilled wells. One source reported that the number of units in use increased by more than a hundredfold in the decade following 1984. The company has developed a range of top quality instruments including directional core barrel, core orientation equipment, and both magnetic and nonmagnetic downhole survey instruments. The components of a horizontal drilling rig used for pipeline construction are similar to those of an oil well drilling rig with the major exception being that a horizontal drilling rig is equipped with an inclined ramp as opposed to a vertical mast.
Pdf application of minimum curvature method to wellpath. The contractor shall provide adequate supports along the stringing area to protect the pipe and allow free movement of the pipeline during pullback. This book may be a tutorial guide for students, to lecturers and teachers it may be a solution manual, and drilling engineers may find that it is a source for solving problems. Horizontal directional drilling hdd wells utilize open hole technologymeaning that drilling fluid is required to hold the borehole open during drilling and construction. Determine the barrels of slug required for the following. Horizontal directional drilling is one of the most popular trenchless technologies. Arc length of a pipe needed for a directional drill. Defining the obstacle to be crossed is a key factor in the hdd design process. Pdf windowsbased software for directional drilling calculations.
Annular capacity between casing or hole and drill pipe, tubing, or casing. Sin opp cos adj tan opp hyp opp hyp adj hyp hyp adj sin cos opp sin x hyp adj cos x hyp circles. The bore is steered to create an initial hole at the required line and grade. Calculation equations for directional drilling free download as powerpoint presentation. Calculating the pull loads horizontal directional drilling. Aug 14, 2018 directional drilling is a broad term used to describe any boring that doesnt go in a straight line vertically down. Below mentioned are link to ebooks on drilling, directional drilling, fishing, well control, stuck pipe prevntion, downhole complications, drilling fluid and casing which can be downloaded just with a single click. Consider the required equipment and material handling requirements such as drilling fluid, drillingfluid containment, hdd rig operation, and final product staging. Directional drilling for mac new update coming soon on the mac app store. Calculations and examples for directional drilling engineering.
Drill pipe and downhole tools are generally interchangeable and drilling fluid is used throughout the operation to. Directional drilling calculations archives drilling formulas and. Formulas and calculations for drilling, production, and workover, all the formulas you need to solve drilling and production problems, fourth edition provides a convenient reference for oil field workers who do not use formulas and calculations on a regular basis, aiming to help reduce the volume of materials they must carry to the rig floor or job site. Curvature or bur 5730 rc 5730 rc bur tvd rc x sin inc2 sin inc1 vs rc x cos inc1 cos inc2 md rc x 2 x pi x inc2 inc1 rc x inc2inc1 360 57. The method uses the average of the inclination and holedirection angles measured at the upper and lower ends of the course length. Pdf directional drilling design using computer model. In this instance, the driller uses sidetracking techniques.
The directional drilling survey provides the control of directional drilling of oil wells with calculations and plotting of well planning and survey data in vertical section, plan and xyz views, calculations between two. Horizontal directional drilling 421 chapter 12 horizontal directional drilling introduction the horizontal directional drilling hdd industry has experienced so much growth in the past two decades that hdd has become commonplace as a method of installation. The emphasis is on the theory behind these drilling elements in order to develop a greater understanding of the principles involved in drilling a. He was a contributing author to the underbalanced drilling manual published by gri. For a successful drilling operation to be carried out surveys, planning and. The mathematics of directional drilling bit by bit 0m sea relief targetbed kick off point end of build first bit. Drilling engineering a distributed learning course forward the drilling engineering workbook is a correspondence distributed learning course which covers the important elements of drilling a well. One source reported that the number of units in use increased by more than a hundred. Directional, horizontal, and multilateral drilling dhd.
The aim of this article is to present a new approach in the design of hdd trajectories in twodimensional. The trenchless technique horizontal directional drilling. In some cases, such as drilling steeply dipping formations or unpredictable deviation in conventional drilling operations, directionaldrilling techniques may be employed to ensure that. The shortrange response is associated with the dimensions of the bit, the small scale of the. Pdf the number of directionally drilled wells in sudan is progressively increasing. Formulae in practice, borehole planning and toolface calculation. Guidance note horizontal underground directional drilling 6 p a g e regulation 3. A threedimensional mathematical model of directional drilling. The drilling engineering workbook is a correspondence distributed learning course which covers the important elements of drilling a well. Apr 16, 2020 the first step in calculating the estimated pulling loads is to develop the input data that will be used in the calculations.
Guidelines for a successful directional crossing bid package. The intent is to provide basic equations and formulas with the calculations for downhole drilling. Directional drilling optimization extended reach drilling. The most complete manual of its kind, this handy book gives you all the formulas and calculations you are likely to need in drilling operations. The mathematics of directional drilling bit by bit with workings curriculum for excellence. Directional drilling is the methodology for directing a wellbore along a predetermined trajectory to a target. The well path is then calculated with simple trigonometric functions. Drilling mud is used to ensure the wellbore is under control. Introduction directional drilling has become a very important tool in the development of oil and gas deposits. The 2012 naics north american industrial classification system code for horizontal drilling directional boring falls under category 237990 other heavy and civil engineering construction.
The formula for radius build rb and length of hole l are listed below respectively where. Schlumberger offers expert directional drillers and proven technologies to provide the trajectory control needed to drill the well correctly, the highquality hole required to successfully run and cement casing, and the precise well placement to optimize production and maximize recoveryall leading to drilling optimization for optimal efficiency and cost savings. In these cases, the current azimuth and dip angles of a drill hole need to be brought back. Given the data in table 1, we determine the length of pipe needed for the directional drill using three different methods. Directional drilling calculation example drilling formulas and. Development of a standard specification for horizontal directional drilling january 20 6. A properly sized and fully operational swivel will be installed between the reaming assembly at the end of the drill pipe, and the pipeline to restrict torsional stress from being transmitted to the pipeline. Ouija board is a method that directional drillers use to calculate inclination and azimuth at the bottom or distance and tool face to drill at required direction.
Carden has taught drilling, horizontal drilling and underbalanced drilling seminars in the united states and internationally for more than 20 years. Desired length of dry pipe 2 stands 184 ft mud weight 12. Separate chapters deal with calculations for drilling fluids, pressure control, and engineering. Directional drilling directory naics united states census bureau directional drilling directory naics united states census bureau the united states census bureau is a principal agency of the u.
Horizontal directional drilling plan february 29, 2012. Horizontal directional drilling an overview sciencedirect. Jan 12, 2017 by kiril apostolov directional drilling engineer, bg drilling solutions very often during the process of drilling for mineral reserves, the campaign reaches the point where a drill hole or holes have diverted from the proposed trajectory. This data includes the productpipe material properties, the drilling fluid properties, and any code or design factors that are applicable. The horizontal directional drilling hdd industry has experienced so much growth in the past two decades that hdd has become commonplace as a method of installation. First, a pilot bore is made with a suitablesized drilling rig. The directional driller also exploits drilling parameters such as weight on bit and rotary speed to deflect the bit away from the axis of the existing wellbore. All the formulas you need to solve drilling and production problems, third edition, provides a convenient source of reference for oil field workers who do not use formulas and calculations on a regular basis. Formulas and calculations for drilling, production, and workover. Guidelines for a successful directional crossing bid package inclination. Drill pipe and downhole tools are used to advance the borehole while drilling fluid is used to cool and lubricate the bit, stabilize the borehole, and carry cuttings formation material to the surface fig.
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